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Qatar are on the verge of a group-stage exit in their home World Cup after being beaten by Senegal - a second straight loss.
The Middle East side battled valiantly but will be out with a game to spare if the Netherlands avoid defeat against Ecuador later on Friday (16:00 GMT kick-off).
But African champions Senegal are up and running.
Boulaye Dia broke the deadlock four minutes before half-time, slamming home to punish Boualem Khoukhi's miscued clearance.
Looking to hit back in the second period, Qatar's hopes were dashed when former Bristol City striker Famara Diedhiou rose to flick in a glorious header just three minutes after the break.
Watford's Ismaila Sarr had an early chance on his 50th cap but struck into the side netting, while Idrissa Gueye of Everton's rasping drive went narrowly wide.
Qatar felt they should have had a first-half penalty when Akram Afif was bundled over in the box by Sarr, but referee Antonio Lahoz pointed only for a goal-kick, much to the anger of the home supporters.
Chelsea goalkeeper Edouard Mendy made stunning reflex saves to deny Almoez Ali and Ismail Mohamad, but he could do nothing about Mohammed Muntari's powerful header.
Qatar were searching for the equaliser, but Bamba Dieng stroked in to deflate the home following and leave their team bottom of the group without a point after two games played.
Disappointment for hosts
Qatar made history by becoming the first country from this region to host the World Cup, but are now staring at the unwanted record of becoming just the second home team to exit the competition at the group stage, after South Africa in 2010.
They need a huge favour from Ecuador, who beat them in the opening game, to salvage any hope of remaining in the tournament.
Felix Sanchez's men, who did not have a shot on target on their World Cup debut, were backed by a raucous section of supporters behind the goal.
Other men and women dressed in traditional attire filled the stadium at the start of their weekend, but went home disappointed as their side suffered back-to-back defeats.
Senegal's class told with their starting XI featuring 10 players who feature in Europe's top-five leagues, with the exception being Sarr of Watford.
But the story could have been very different had the referee pointed to the spot for Sarr's challenge on Afif, but he left the locals outraged by failing to award a penalty.
It proved crucial as Khoukhi's scuffed clearance allowed Dia to convert the opener, and Diedhiou's unstoppable header double the advantage on 48 minutes.
Qatar, though, showed good fight to hit back via Muntari's thunderous header, which sent the partisan crowd into raptures.
But any optimism for an equaliser was killed when Dieng finished off a swift move to seal Senegal's first victory in the group.
The Qatar players were applauded by their fans at the final whistle, but some hit the deck in regret knowing their prospects of reaching the knockout stage are all but over.
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Qatar
Squad number22Player nameMeshaal Barsham
Squad number17Player nameIsmaeel Mohammad
Squad number2Player namePedro Miguel
Squad number16Player nameKhoukhi
Squad number3Player nameAbdelkarim Hassan
Squad number14Player nameHomam Ahmed
Squad number12Player nameBoudiaf
Squad number10Player nameHassan Al Haydos
Squad number23Player nameAssim Madibo
Squad number19Player nameAlmoez Ali
Squad number11Player nameAkram Afif
Squad number4Player nameMohammed Waad
Squad number5Player nameTarek Salman
Squad number6Player nameAbdulaziz Hatem
Squad number9Player nameMuntari
Senegal
Squad number16Player nameMendy
Squad number21Player nameSabaly
Squad number3Player nameKoulibaly
Squad number22Player nameDiallo
Squad number14Player nameJakobs
Squad number18Player nameSarr
Squad number6Player nameMendy
Squad number5Player nameGueye
Squad number15Player nameDiatta
Squad number9Player nameDia
Squad number19Player nameDiédhiou
Squad number4Player nameCissé
Squad number11Player nameCiss
Squad number13Player nameNdiaye
Squad number17Player nameSarr
Squad number20Player nameDieng
Line-ups
Qatar
Formation 5-3-2
- 22Barsham
- 17MohammadBooked at 20mins
- 2Carvalho Deus CorreiaSubstituted forJadoua Al Bayatiat 83'minutes
- 16Khoukhi
- 3Al Haj Fadlalla
- 14AhmedBooked at 45minsSubstituted forOdehat 83'minutes
- 12BoudiafSubstituted forMohammed Abdullahat 69'minutes
- 10Al HaydosSubstituted forMuntariat 74'minutes
- 23Al Haj MadiboBooked at 90mins
- 19Abdulla
- 11Afif
Substitutes
- 1Al Sheeb
- 4Jadoua Al Bayati
- 5Odeh
- 6Mohammed Abdullah
- 7Abdelmotaal
- 8Thaimn Qambar
- 9Muntari
- 13Djebril Mohamed
- 18Mazeed
- 20Al Hajri
- 21Ali
- 24Al Hadhrami
- 25Abdulsallam
- 26Meshaal
Senegal
Formation 4-4-2
- 16Mendy
- 21Sabaly
- 3Koulibaly
- 22Diallo
- 14JakobsBooked at 52minsSubstituted forCisséat 77'minutes
- 18SarrSubstituted forNdiayeat 74'minutes
- 6MendySubstituted forSarrat 78'minutes
- 5Gueye
- 15DiattaSubstituted forCissat 64'minutesBooked at 87mins
- 9DiaBooked at 30mins
- 19DiédhiouSubstituted forDiengat 74'minutes
Substitutes
- 1Dieng
- 2Mendy
- 4Cissé
- 7Jackson
- 10N'Diaye
- 11Ciss
- 13Ndiaye
- 17Sarr
- 20Dieng
- 23Gomis
- 24Name
- 25Loum
- 26Gueye
Referee:Antonio Miguel Mateu Lahoz
Attendance:41,797
Live Text
Match ends, Qatar 1, Senegal 3.
Second Half ends, Qatar 1, Senegal 3.
Corner, Senegal. Conceded by Mohammed Waad.
Corner, Senegal. Conceded by Boualem Khoukhi.
Attempt missed. Almoez Ali (Qatar) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Assim Madibo.
Assim Madibo (Qatar) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Attempt blocked. Mohammed Muntari (Qatar) header from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Akram Afif with a cross.
Attempt missed. Abdelkarim Hassan (Qatar) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Abdulaziz Hatem following a set piece situation.
Pathé Ciss (Senegal) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Pathé Ciss (Senegal).
Ismaeel Mohammad (Qatar) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Goal! Qatar 1, Senegal 3. Bamba Dieng (Senegal) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Iliman Ndiaye.
Substitution, Qatar. Tarek Salman replaces Homam Ahmed.
Substitution, Qatar. Mohammed Waad replaces Pedro Miguel.
Attempt missed. Boulaye Dia (Senegal) header from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Pape Sarr with a cross following a set piece situation.
Youssouf Sabaly (Senegal) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Akram Afif (Qatar).
Corner, Senegal. Conceded by Mohammed Muntari.
Corner, Senegal. Conceded by Boualem Khoukhi.
Goal! Qatar 1, Senegal 2. Mohammed Muntari (Qatar) header from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Ismaeel Mohammad with a cross.
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